What does a pH level below 7 indicate?

A pH level below 7 indicates increasing acidity. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, where a pH of 7 is considered neutral. Values below 7 signify an acidic environment, meaning the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) is greater than that of hydroxide ions (OH-). This concept is fundamental in various fields, including chemistry, biology, and environmental science.

In practical terms, substances with a pH lower than 7, such as vinegar (typically around pH 2-3) or lemon juice (around pH 2), exhibit properties associated with acids, such as sourness and the ability to react with bases. Understanding pH levels is crucial for tasks ranging from managing soil quality in agriculture to monitoring the health of aquatic ecosystems.