What happens to grains when they are refined?

When grains are refined, the process involves removing parts of the grain to enhance shelf life and improve texture, leading to a more appealing product. Specifically, the bran and germ are stripped away during refining. The bran contains a significant amount of dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals, while the germ is rich in healthy fats, vitamins, and antioxidants. The final product primarily comprises the endosperm, which is mostly starch with fewer nutrients compared to the whole grain. This process results in a loss of many essential nutrients, making refined grains less nutritious than whole grains. Therefore, option B accurately describes the outcome of refining grains.